/* ========================================
   MEDICAL SCIENCE REVIEWS - STYLES
   Color Scheme: Red (#DC2626), White (#FFFFFF), Black (#1F2937)
   ======================================== */

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
    --primary-red: #DC2626;
    --brand-red: #C21C29; /* red sampled from the official logo artwork */
    --dark-red: #B91C1C;
    --light-red: #EF4444;
    --white: #FFFFFF;
    --black: #000000;
    --dark-gray: #1F2937;
    --gray: #6B7280;
    --light-gray: #F3F4F6;
    --border-gray: #E5E7EB;
    
    --font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
    --transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

html, body {
    max-width: 100%;
    /* `hidden` creates a scrolling ancestor and prevents the sticky navbar
       from sticking in several browsers. `clip` still blocks horizontal
       overflow without breaking position: sticky. */
    overflow-x: clip;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    color: var(--dark-gray);
    background-color: var(--white);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

body.nav-open {
    overflow: hidden;
}

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
}

/* ========================================
   MASTHEAD (centred brand logo above the nav)
   ======================================== */

.masthead {
    background-color: var(--white);
    text-align: center;
    padding: 26px 20px 20px;
}

.masthead-logo {
    display: inline-flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2px;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.masthead-mark {
    height: 62px;
    width: auto;
    display: block;
}

.masthead-word {
    font-family: 'Cormorant Garamond', 'Hoefler Text', Garamond, Georgia, serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 27px;
    line-height: 1.1;
    letter-spacing: 0.012em;
    color: var(--brand-red);
    white-space: nowrap;
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
    .masthead {
        padding: 18px 16px 14px;
    }
    .masthead-mark {
        height: 42px;
    }
    .masthead-word {
        font-size: 19px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 400px) {
    .masthead-mark {
        height: 36px;
    }
    .masthead-word {
        font-size: 16px;
    }
}

/* ========================================
   NAVIGATION BAR
   ======================================== */

.navbar {
    background-color: var(--white);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-gray);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
}

/* Three tracks so the links stay optically centred under the masthead
   regardless of how wide the utilities on the right are. */
.nav-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 8px 0;
    min-height: 52px;
}

/* Hidden until the masthead scrolls away (see setupStickyNav in nav.js), so the
   full logo and the compact mark are never visible at the same time. */
.nav-mark {
    grid-column: 1;
    justify-self: start;
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: opacity 0.25s ease;
}

.navbar.is-stuck .nav-mark {
    opacity: 1;
    pointer-events: auto;
}

.nav-mark img {
    height: 24px;
    width: auto;
    display: block;
}

.logo {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--dark-gray);
    font-size: 18px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.logo-img {
    height: 44px;
    width: auto;
}

.logo-text {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--dark-gray);
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    gap: 28px;
    align-items: center;
    grid-column: 2;
}

.nav-right {
    grid-column: 3;
    justify-self: end;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

/* ========================================
   LANGUAGE SWITCHER
   ======================================== */

.lang-switcher {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2px;
    margin-left: 8px;
    padding-left: 12px;
    border-left: 1px solid var(--border-gray);
}

.lang-btn {
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    color: var(--gray);
    padding: 4px 7px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    transition: var(--transition);
    line-height: 1;
}

.lang-btn:hover {
    color: var(--primary-red);
    background: var(--light-gray);
}

.lang-btn.active {
    color: var(--dark-gray);
    background: var(--light-gray);
}

.lang-divider {
    font-size: 11px;
    color: var(--border-gray);
    user-select: none;
    pointer-events: none;
}


.nav-search-btn {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--dark-gray);
    padding: 6px 10px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    transition: var(--transition);
    font-family: var(--font-family);
}

.nav-search-btn:hover {
    color: var(--primary-red);
    background: var(--light-gray);
}

.nav-menu a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--dark-gray);
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 14px;
    transition: var(--transition);
    position: relative;
}

.nav-menu a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-red);
}

.nav-menu a:hover::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -8px;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: var(--primary-red);
}

.logo-text {
    display: none;
}

/* ========================================
   MOBILE NAV TOGGLE (hamburger)
   ======================================== */

.nav-toggle {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 5px;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.nav-toggle-bar {
    width: 22px;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--dark-gray);
    border-radius: 2px;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease, opacity 0.2s ease;
}

.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle-bar:nth-child(1) {
    transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg);
}

.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle-bar:nth-child(2) {
    opacity: 0;
}

.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .nav-toggle-bar:nth-child(3) {
    transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg);
}

/* Wrapper around nav-menu + nav-right.
   Desktop: transparent wrapper, children lay out as direct flex items of .nav-content. */
.nav-collapse {
    display: contents;
}

.nav-backdrop {
    display: none;
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
    .nav-toggle {
        display: flex;
        grid-column: 3;
        justify-self: end;
    }

    .nav-content {
        min-height: 48px;
        padding: 4px 0;
    }

    .logo-img {
        height: 34px;
    }

    .nav-collapse {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 0;
        position: fixed;
        top: 0;
        right: 0;
        width: min(340px, 86vw);
        height: 100vh;
        height: 100dvh;
        background: var(--white);
        padding: 96px 28px 40px;
        overflow-y: auto;
        transform: translateX(100%);
        transition: transform 0.3s ease;
        z-index: 1001;
        box-shadow: -8px 0 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
    }

    .nav-collapse.open {
        transform: translateX(0);
    }

    .nav-menu {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 0;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .nav-menu a {
        font-size: 18px;
        padding: 14px 2px;
        width: 100%;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
    }

    .nav-menu a:hover::after {
        display: none;
    }

    .nav-right {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 4px;
        margin-top: 20px;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .nav-search-btn {
        justify-content: flex-start;
        padding: 12px 2px;
        font-size: 15px;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .lang-switcher {
        margin: 12px 0 0;
        padding: 16px 0 0;
        border-left: none;
        border-top: 1px solid var(--light-gray);
        justify-content: flex-start;
    }

    .nav-backdrop {
        display: block;
        position: fixed;
        inset: 0;
        background: rgba(17, 24, 39, 0.45);
        opacity: 0;
        pointer-events: none;
        transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
        z-index: 1000;
    }

    .nav-backdrop.open {
        opacity: 1;
        pointer-events: auto;
    }
}

/* ========================================
   HERO CAROUSEL
   ======================================== */

.hero-carousel-section {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 20px 20px 40px;
}

.hero-carousel-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    border-radius: 24px;
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 620px;
    background: #0a0a0a;
}

.hero-carousel-track {
    display: flex;
    height: 100%;
    transition: transform 0.65s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94);
    will-change: transform;
}

.hero-slide {
    flex: 0 0 100%;
    height: 100%;
    position: relative;
    background-size: contain;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: center right;
    background-color: #111;
}


.hero-slide-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.75) 0%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.45) 34%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.08) 62%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0) 100%);
}

.hero-slide-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 80px 72px;
    max-width: 660px;
}

.hero-slide-label {
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.14em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.60);
    margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.hero-slide-headline {
    font-size: 54px;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #ffffff;
    line-height: 1.08;
    margin-bottom: 22px;
}

.hero-slide-subtitle {
    font-size: 17px;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
    line-height: 1.65;
    margin-bottom: 38px;
    max-width: 500px;
}

.btn-hero {
    display: inline-block;
    background: var(--primary-red);
    color: #ffffff;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 50px;
    padding: 14px 36px;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    text-decoration: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
    align-self: flex-start;
}

.btn-hero:hover {
    background: var(--dark-red);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 28px rgba(220,38,38,0.45);
}

/* Slide 1 — full image visible, no crop, dark space on left for text */
.hero-slide-podcast {
    background-size: contain;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: right center;
}

/* No overlay needed — left region is naturally dark (#111 card background) */
.hero-slide-podcast .hero-slide-overlay {
    background: none;
}

/* Slide 2 — bright colourful journals photo, needs heavier overlay for text */
.hero-slide-newsletter {
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

.hero-slide-newsletter .hero-slide-overlay {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.88) 0%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.70) 40%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.40) 65%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.15) 100%);
}

/* Slide 4 — dark laptop/books photo */
.hero-slide-courses {
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

.hero-slide-courses .hero-slide-overlay {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.72) 0%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.45) 40%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.12) 65%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0) 100%);
}

.hero-slide-shop {
    background-image: url('assets/images/hero-shop.png');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

.hero-slide-shop .hero-slide-overlay {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.82) 0%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.55) 38%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.18) 65%,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.05) 100%);
}

.hero-slide-placeholder-4 {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0c0c1a 0%, #1a1a3e 50%, #0c0c1a 100%);
}

/* Arrows */
.hero-arrow {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.22);
    color: #ffffff;
    width: 54px;
    height: 54px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    font-size: 32px;
    line-height: 1;
    cursor: pointer;
    z-index: 10;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    transition: background 0.2s ease;
}

.hero-arrow:hover {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.26);
}

.hero-arrow-prev { left: 20px; }
.hero-arrow-next { right: 20px; }

/* Dot indicators */
.hero-dots {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 24px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    display: flex;
    gap: 8px;
    z-index: 10;
}

.hero-dot {
    width: 8px;
    height: 8px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.38);
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0;
    transition: background 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.hero-dot.active {
    background: #ffffff;
    transform: scale(1.35);
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .hero-carousel-wrapper { height: 540px; }
    .hero-slide-headline { font-size: 44px; }
    .hero-slide-content { padding: 60px 52px; }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hero-carousel-section { padding: 12px 12px 28px; }
    .hero-carousel-wrapper { height: 520px; border-radius: 16px; }
    .hero-slide-content { padding: 48px 32px; max-width: 100%; }
    .hero-slide-headline { font-size: 32px; }
    .hero-slide-subtitle { font-size: 15px; }
    .hero-arrow { width: 42px; height: 42px; font-size: 24px; }
    .hero-arrow-prev { left: 10px; }
    .hero-arrow-next { right: 10px; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .hero-carousel-wrapper { height: 480px; border-radius: 12px; }
    .hero-slide-content { padding: 36px 22px; }
    .hero-slide-headline { font-size: 26px; }
    .hero-slide-subtitle { font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
    .btn-hero { padding: 12px 28px; font-size: 14px; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .hero-carousel-track { transition: none; }
}

/* ========================================
   BUTTONS
   ======================================== */

.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 12px 32px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 14px;
    cursor: pointer;
    border: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
    text-align: center;
}

.btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--primary-red);
    color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-red);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: var(--dark-red);
    border-color: var(--dark-red);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(220, 38, 38, 0.3);
}

.btn-secondary {
    background-color: var(--white);
    color: var(--primary-red);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-red);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
    background-color: var(--light-gray);
    border-color: var(--dark-red);
}

.btn-small {
    padding: 8px 20px;
    font-size: 12px;
}

/* ========================================
   SECTIONS
   ======================================== */

.episodes-section,
.featured-section,
.topics-section,
.newsletter-section,
.about-section,
.testimonials-section,
.academy-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 42px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    color: var(--dark-gray);
}

.section-subtitle {
    font-size: 16px;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--gray);
    margin-bottom: 48px;
}

/* ========================================
   LATEST EPISODES (YOUTUBE VIDEOS)
   ======================================== */

.loading {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 60px 20px;
}

.spinner {
    border: 4px solid var(--light-gray);
    border-top: 4px solid var(--primary-red);
    border-radius: 50%;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
    margin: 0 auto 20px;
}

@keyframes spin {
    0% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
    100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

.error-message {
    background-color: var(--light-gray);
    border: 2px solid #FEE2E2;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 40px;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--dark-gray);
}

.videos-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 32px;
    margin-bottom: 48px;
}

.video-card {
    background-color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-red);
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: var(--transition);
    cursor: pointer;
}

.video-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 24px rgba(220, 38, 38, 0.2);
}

.thumbnail-container {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    padding-bottom: 56.25%; /* 16:9 aspect ratio */
    background-color: var(--black);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.thumbnail-img {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.video-card:hover .thumbnail-img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.play-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background-color: rgba(220, 38, 38, 0.8);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 24px;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.video-card:hover .play-overlay {
    opacity: 1;
}

.video-info {
    padding: 20px;
}

.video-title {
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--dark-gray);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    line-height: 1.4;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.video-meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: 12px;
    font-size: 12px;
    color: var(--gray);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.video-date {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 4px;
}

.video-views {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 4px;
}

.watch-btn {
    width: 100%;
    display: block;
    background-color: var(--primary-red);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 10px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 13px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: var(--transition);
    text-decoration: none;
    text-align: center;
}

.watch-btn:hover {
    background-color: var(--dark-red);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(220, 38, 38, 0.3);
}

.view-all {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 48px;
}

/* ========================================
   VIDEO CAROUSEL
   ======================================== */

.carousel-container {
    position: relative;
    margin-bottom: 48px;
}

.videos-carousel {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    overflow-x: auto;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    padding: 12px 0;
    margin: 0 44px;
    scroll-padding: 12px;
}

.videos-carousel::-webkit-scrollbar {
    height: 4px;
}

.videos-carousel::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
    background: var(--light-gray);
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.videos-carousel::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
    background: var(--primary-red);
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.videos-carousel::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
    background: var(--dark-red);
}

.videos-carousel .video-card {
    flex: 0 0 300px;
    margin: 0;
}

.carousel-btn {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    background-color: var(--primary-red);
    color: var(--white);
    border: none;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    font-size: 24px;
    cursor: pointer;
    z-index: 10;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(220, 38, 38, 0.2);
}

.carousel-btn:hover {
    background-color: var(--dark-red);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(220, 38, 38, 0.3);
}

.carousel-btn.prev {
    left: 0;
}

.carousel-btn.next {
    right: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .carousel-btn {
        width: 36px;
        height: 36px;
        font-size: 20px;
    }
    
    .videos-carousel {
        margin: 0 38px;
        gap: 12px;
    }
    
    .videos-carousel .video-card {
        flex: 0 0 240px;
    }
}

/* ========================================
   FEATURED EPISODES
   ======================================== */

.featured-section {
    background-color: var(--light-gray);
}

/* ========================================
   TOPICS SECTION
   ======================================== */

.topics-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(140px, 1fr));
    gap: 20px;
}

.topic-card {
    background-color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-red);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 32px 16px;
    text-align: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.topic-card:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-red);
    color: var(--white);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.topic-icon {
    font-size: 32px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.topic-card h3 {
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* ========================================
   NEWSLETTER SECTION
   ======================================== */

.newsletter-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--dark-gray) 0%, #2D3748 100%);
    color: var(--white);
}

.newsletter-content {
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align: center;
}

.newsletter-content h2 {
    font-size: 36px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.newsletter-content p {
    font-size: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 32px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.newsletter-form {
    display: flex;
    gap: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.form-group {
    display: flex;
    width: 100%;
    gap: 8px;
}

.form-input {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 12px 16px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-family: var(--font-family);
}

.form-input::placeholder {
    color: var(--gray);
}

.newsletter-form .btn {
    padding: 12px 32px;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.newsletter-note {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .newsletter-form {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .form-group {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .newsletter-form .btn {
        width: 100%;
    }
}

/* ========================================
   ABOUT SECTION
   ======================================== */

.about-section {
    background-color: var(--light-gray);
}

.about-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 60px;
    align-items: center;
}

.about-image {
    order: 2;
}

.about-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 3px solid var(--primary-red);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.about-text {
    order: 1;
}

.about-text h2 {
    font-size: 36px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    color: var(--dark-gray);
}

.about-text p {
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--gray);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.about-stats {
    display: grid;
    gap: 24px;
}

.stat {
    background-color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-red);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 24px;
    text-align: center;
}

.stat-number {
    font-size: 32px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-red);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: var(--gray);
    font-weight: 500;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .about-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 40px;
    }
    
    .about-text h2 {
        font-size: 28px;
    }
}

/* ========================================
   TESTIMONIALS SECTION
   ======================================== */

.testimonials-section {
    background-color: var(--white);
}

.testimonials-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 32px;
}

.testimonial-card {
    background-color: var(--light-gray);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-red);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 32px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.testimonial-text {
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--dark-gray);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.testimonial-author {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: var(--primary-red);
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* ========================================
   ACADEMY SECTION
   ======================================== */

.academy-section {
    background-color: var(--light-gray);
}

.academy-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 32px;
}

.academy-single {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
}

.course-card-featured {
    max-width: 480px;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
    align-items: center;
}

.academy-logo {
    width: 160px;
    height: auto;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.course-card {
    background-color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-red);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 32px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.course-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(220, 38, 38, 0.15);
}

.course-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.course-header h3 {
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--dark-gray);
}

.course-badge {
    background-color: var(--primary-red);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 4px 12px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 11px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.course-card p {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: var(--gray);
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.course-card .btn {
    align-self: flex-start;
}

/* ========================================
   FOOTER
   ======================================== */

.footer {
    background-color: var(--dark-gray);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 60px 0 20px;
}

.footer-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 40px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.footer-section h4 {
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.footer-section p {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.footer-section ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-section ul li {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.footer-section ul li a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 14px;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.footer-section ul li a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-red);
}

.social-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 16px;
}

.social-links a {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border-radius: 50%;
    color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    transition: var(--transition);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.social-links a:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-red);
    border-color: var(--primary-red);
}

.footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    padding-top: 20px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.footer-bottom p {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
}

.footer-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
}

.footer-links a {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.footer-links a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-red);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .episodes-section,
    .featured-section,
    .topics-section,
    .newsletter-section,
    .about-section,
    .testimonials-section,
    .academy-section {
        padding: 40px 0;
    }
    
    .section-title {
        font-size: 28px;
    }
    
    .footer-bottom {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 16px;
        text-align: center;
    }
}

/* ========================================
   RESPONSIVE DESIGN
   ======================================== */

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .hero-title {
        font-size: 28px;
    }
    
    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 14px;
    }
    
    .videos-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .topics-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }

    .newsletter-form {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
}

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   INSTITUTIONS / CREDENTIALS BANNER
   ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */

.institutions-section {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    min-height: 220px;
    padding: 52px 0 44px;
    background-color: #f0e0c0;
}

.institutions-video-wrap {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    z-index: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.institutions-video-bg {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    -o-object-fit: cover;
    object-fit: cover;
    -o-object-position: center;
    object-position: center;
}

.institutions-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: rgba(245, 235, 215, 0.60);
    z-index: 1;
}

.institutions-inner {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 36px;
}

.institutions-tagline {
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #3a2e1a;
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 600px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin: 0;
    letter-spacing: 0.015em;
    font-style: italic;
}

.institutions-logos {
    display: -webkit-box;
    display: -ms-flexbox;
    display: flex;
    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    -webkit-box-align: center;
    -ms-flex-align: center;
    align-items: center;
    -webkit-box-pack: center;
    -ms-flex-pack: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 8px 0;
    width: 100%;
}

/* Individual institution text block */
.inst-item {
    display: -webkit-box;
    display: -ms-flexbox;
    display: flex;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
    -ms-flex-direction: column;
    flex-direction: column;
    -webkit-box-align: center;
    -ms-flex-align: center;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 4px 16px;
    gap: 2px;
    opacity: 0.88;
    -webkit-transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
    -ms-flex-negative: 0;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}
.inst-item:hover { opacity: 1; }

.inst-sep {
    width: 1px;
    height: 48px;
    background: rgba(42, 31, 10, 0.25);
    -ms-flex-negative: 0;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    -ms-flex-item-align: center;
    align-self: center;
}

/* Name text utilities */
.inst-name {
    display: block;
    color: #2a1f0a;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    line-height: 1.15;
    font-family: inherit;
    white-space: nowrap;
}
.inst-name-bold  { font-weight: 800; }
.inst-name-xl    { font-size: 28px; }
.inst-name-lg    { font-size: 22px; }
.inst-name-sm    { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: 0.07em; }
.inst-name-xs    { font-size: 11px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.06em; }

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
    .inst-name-xl  { font-size: 24px; }
    .inst-name-lg  { font-size: 18px; }
    .inst-item     { padding: 4px 12px; }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .institutions-section { padding: 40px 0 36px; }
    .institutions-tagline { font-size: 13px; max-width: 90%; }
    .inst-sep { display: none; }
    .institutions-logos { gap: 18px 0; }
    .inst-item { padding: 4px 20px; }
    .inst-name-xl  { font-size: 26px; }
    .inst-name-lg  { font-size: 20px; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .inst-name-xl  { font-size: 22px; }
    .inst-name-lg  { font-size: 17px; }
    .inst-name-sm  { font-size: 12px; }
    .inst-name-xs  { font-size: 10px; }
}